Showing posts with label Foreign Currency Reserve. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Foreign Currency Reserve. Show all posts

Wednesday, 20 July 2016

The PBOC is speculated to be using intervention again

Last week I spoke about the ramifications of Brexit on the nature of global monetary policy going forward and said the Bank of England was poised to open its war chest of monetary tools to avert a deepening crisis in the British economy. I also said I thought a loosening stance from the BoE was likely to apply pressure on the US Federal Reserve regarding their divergent pledge to see interest rates normalised as opposed to its developed world counterparts such as Europe and Japan.

My assertiveness that this will indeed be the case was strengthened after it was reported the People's Bank of China may have intervened in the onshore currency market following an appreciation in the US Dollar which should've been offset by a devaluation in the Chinese Yuan with officials decidedly fixed the rate stronger.

The PBOC had steadied its hand with intervention when it abruptly devalued the local currency in the middle of last year causing shockwaves throughout the global financial system. After finding stability towards the beginning of this year it took the decision to allow market forces to dictate the direction of the price rather than set it itself.

Having followed this decision up until the Renminbi reached a six year low of 6.70 in the days gone by, its becoming abundantly clear that policymakers have reached an end of this resolution by observing the sudden appreciation of the local currency in an attempt to ward it away from this critical resistance.

Either the PBOC will be left to vehemently defend this level with all its might or it envisions a situation where the US economy is susceptible to economic headwinds that defer the Fed from raising rates as the global outlook remains bleak. Its own economy has yet to inspire forecasts that's turning the tide against the notion of a perpetual economic value generating machine.  

Thursday, 30 June 2016

How to analyse the Chinese yuan depreciation?

When combing through the past three months of financial market news flow you'd agree that the issue of China has gone very quiet lately which leaves investors wondering, why the sudden silence?

It's fair to say that Brexit and the rally in oil prices have dominated headlines for a while causing a disruption in the coverage on matters relating to China although it must also be said that a number of changes implemented by the Chinese government in terms of a lessening of financial market regulation have gradually been taking shape with the installment of a new Chinese Securities Regulatory Commission's chairman Liu Shiyu.

What we've seen evolve since Shiyu's appointment is a steadiness in the depreciation of the Chinese yuan against the dollar that eclipses the abrupt and sharp devaluation that took place in August last year that sent shockwaves through global markets.

The stark difference between the two events comes down to the fact that Shiyu has allowed the free market to decide an appropriate equilibrium whereas his predecessor, Xiao Gang, liberalised the market far too quickly that by the time it came to regulate the necessary parts in the market, participants saw this as signs of fear from the government.  

Working hand in hand with the People's Bank of China (more commonly known as the PBOC) the CSRC has coordinated a greater certainty in policy going forward and in doing so has indirectly cooled down market fears from the height they had reached late last year.

This is yet another positive improvement stemming out from Chinese financial markets that will allow their securities to be included into global investment funds, thus broadening the diversification of investors in China.

However as much as China needs to be applauded with its efforts to align its own financial markets to a global benchmark, the actual depreciation of the yuan begins to tell a worrisome story of the future that'll have a profound impact on the global economy.

It says to us that foreign investors don't perceive a strong bounce in economic activity anytime soon indicated by the level of outflows that have exited the financial system this year alone. In the short term it may pull the brakes on the economy but over the long term it would certainly stimulate exports from China again.

Whether developed nations, who are suffering from severe currency appreciation, take kindly to this is another question altogether and will probably cause fingers to be pointed, increasing the chances of the world seeing a resurgence of currency wars.

Friday, 20 May 2016

Is the Danish central bank creating currency risk?

At the start of the week I decided to focus my attention on major currencies and the volatile climate they were exhibiting as well as the troubling situation most developed nation's central bankers are finding themselves in trying to reverse the years of expansive monetary policy measures that has produced ill-effects that are seemingly weighing down economic activity.

The monetary noose that hangs around these nations necks seems to be getting tighter with every consecutive week that passes as the trickling news flow slowly starts to build up momentum to turn this cash flush fanfare into a nightmare on Elm street.

Being aware that there are a number of countries mostly in Europe that implemented such extreme measures of sinking interest rates below zero before the ECB and BOJ joined the foray, it would make sense to find the nation that's had these measures in place the longest and assess whether there's been a level of success.

As luck would have it I found a handful of stories about the Danmark Nationalbank who currently holds the longest reign of interest rates in negative territory with the ongoing recording setting feat sitting at four years!!!

The funniest part is only last week Governor Lars Rohde cautioned those who wished to speculate against the central bank saying officials would unpack whatever measures were necessary to stop the Danish Krone from appreciating against the Euro. The reason for such a strong message is revealed in the fact that the DNB has placed a peg on the level it wants to protect the Krone from surpassing against the Euro.  

Tough talking didn't prevent a scare from happening early last year when the Swiss National Bank, who itself had a floor in place against the Euro, abruptly removed the peg in an unexpected move that created a toxic currency whirlwind of volatility that reverberated throughout the entire financial market.  At the time, the DNB defended its own peg bravely after speculation became rife that it could follow suit with the SNB and remove the floor.

However once things settled down the Krone began depreciating, helping it avoid the inevitable ascent the DNB hoped to ward off but this time it decided to use foreign currency reserves it had built up over years since negative interest rates hadn't assisted its objectives up until that point. 

It's imperative to understand that the reason the SNB removed the floor against the Euro is because the ECB was speculated to and has now begun a protracted quantitative easing program that would would sponge up all the foreign reserves the SNB had available which had fast depleted once speculation grew. The issue came in the nature of the communication between the SNB president Thomas Jordan and the public with the perceived level of trust towards the central bank amongst the highest out of all its peers.

Jordan's timing of the removal of the peg was left too late in the game and miscommunicated improperly that direct fault can be pointed at him and his colleagues for creating mass panic that left financial markets reeling.
If common sense prevails, the market would've realised that the mammoth monetary stimulus currently being effected by the ECB dwarfs all the monetary programs being meted out by Nordic countries including that of Denmark. These nations are simply too small to compete against monetary stimulus of this size and scale which means their local currencies get brushed aside by the waves of crisis-fearing money making its way to their shores in an effort to shelter wealth.  

This probably explains the markets skittish sentiment after Lars Rohde made comments refusing to concede his effort to the market and allow a free hand to decide appropriate equilibrium. It translates into the possibility of seeing another SNB type shock descending into market sphere's, adding risk at a time when major currency volatility is at its height.

The worrying foreign currency reserve drain that's occurred over the last year surely puts the writing on the wall for DNB officials or is this yet another case of attempting to cover up the flaws of a failed process that isn't working and probably won't be the saving grace of the world burdened with troubled economic times.