Friday 13 June 2014

Looking Back on the Last 25 Years of Financial Markets

Since June marks the 25th year of my life I thought it would be interesting to see how much the world and its people have changed since the day I was born. Taking a step back and observing what has happened over the last 25 years allows us to see what trends have emerged and what the next 25 years might hold for us.   

The Sleeping Giant: China Awakens

A phenomenal story of exponential scales, China which once had an economy with an annual GDP of $310 Billion now boasts one of the world’s most impressive growth stories. After the collapse of communism this populous Asian country has gradually relaxed their policy and allowed the free market mechanism to take hold. 


China has now displaced Japan to become the world’s second largest economy with GDP now sitting at $8 Trillion and growth never seemingly slowing down. What makes this particular economy an important one is the fact that it is a developing nation, much of which would otherwise be shifted aside when it comes to worldwide policy agenda. China’s role has now been cemented as the leader and representative of developing nations around the world, something which most developed nation have sat up and taken notice.    
China’s mammoth population of 1.5 Billion people has meant a large amount of manufacturing processes which require human skill has been taken up by China to the detriment to other developed nations such as Japan, Europe and the United States.

Although there are many challenges that lie ahead for this nation I expect that the next 25 years will see a shift in sentiment towards China and its developing stages towards its eventual greater role as a main player in the world economy and a balanced policy view.  

Leading the Way to Innovating Energy

Sasol has to be one of the darling’s on the JSE and will be for many years. In June 1989, Sasol was quoted at R12.50 and today it’s well over R600 a share representing 48 times its value 25 years later.  This is only the capital gain and excludes the dividends paid out over the same period.

This is the kind of share any long term fundamentalist wants in their portfolio and the last 25 years is proof that there are still shares out there that grow gradually and over a number of years the returns to shareholders is mind blowing. A great case study for students and prospective investors of how the notion, slow and steady works in a stock exchange.



What I like most about this company is its innovation in the field of fuel technology, taking energy sources which might have laid dormant and creating petroleum. The world’s demand for cars keeps growing and with a few decades of oil reserves left the world has begun its path to creating sustainable energy.

Going forward there is plentiful opportunities coming forth and Sasol is well positioned to take advantage of these; one of these opportunities is in the United States where shale gas is being used to create petroleum. 

Once a Promising Story Now a Regressive Dilemma

Those old enough to remember will recall the time when Japan was set to overtake the United States as the world’s largest economy by the year 2010. That was predicted in 1980 and what seemed to be a promising story turned out to be a long receding tale of a time that once was. 


  
The Nikkei 225 reached its highest point in 1989 and it has been all downhill from there. A strengthening currency against all other major currencies, a propensity to save rather than spend and abnormally low inflation rate for prolonged periods of time have led Japan’s economy to a state of inertia.  
  
The Japanese reliance on technologies and commitment to producing the highest grade quality goods at reasonable prices has meant that much of the emphasis has been placed on mechanisation and massive investment into skills required to produce further technologies.  Japan in its own right is one of the world’s most innovative nations yet this has led their society to become disconnected with the real world.

Although Japan may be well ahead of its times it is the first of a few developed economy’s who are beginning to face these circumstances. Man’s expectation on technology may inevitably lead to the downfall of its own economy. 

The Printing Press Never Stops

The 1980’s economic policy was largely dominated by two people, Ronald Reagan and Margaret Thatcher. They both supported growth without any increase in money supply, instead looking for the inefficiency which had been created by previous administrations to correct themselves by means of increasing productivity.  Although much of their terms in office were marred with controversial decision making and hard line policy, they did lead their economy’s out of the mess they were in.

Fast forward 25 years after their tenure ended and what we find is a very much different situation. 

The above chart is that of a US Treasury Bond with a term of 10 years.  As more money is created the interest rate gets lower and lower. What we see here is 25 years of mass money creation which has lead these interest rates hitting a 70 year low.

 What can we deduce from this chart? Thatcherism and Reagonomics are extinct and the world is one large inefficiency. The problem comes in when these rates are left are abnormally low rates  the amount of debt being borrowed increases at alarming rates and we all know that debt has to be paid off some time or another.

I believe that the Financial Crisis in 2008 is only the tip of the iceberg and I further believe that debt in developed world is going to be very problematic for policymakers. If enough is not done to start eroding the piles of debt the world sits on we could just be sitting on rubbish dump of disaster. 

If you would like to contact me you can through my email at cadetrader@gmail.com or if you wish to follow me on twitter and get the latest updates of news, interesting commentary and general trends in the market, my twitter handle is @CadeTradeR if you follow this link it’ll take you directly to my twitter timeline:https://twitter.com/CadeTradeR 


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